{"id":2126,"date":"2026-03-23T00:08:30","date_gmt":"2026-03-23T00:08:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viz-note.com\/vn\/communication-diagrams-alternative-to-sequence-flows\/"},"modified":"2026-03-23T02:48:00","modified_gmt":"2026-03-23T02:48:00","slug":"communication-diagrams-alternative-to-sequence-flows","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viz-note.com\/vn\/communication-diagrams-alternative-to-sequence-flows\/","title":{"rendered":"H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn UML: Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n thay th\u1ebf cho D\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Infographic<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n
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\ud83d\udca1 \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb<\/h2>\n
    \n
  • \n

    Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong>Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay v\u00ec th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n tin nh\u1eafn:<\/strong>C\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1, cho ph\u00e9p s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t trong b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p:<\/strong>Ch\u00fang r\u1ea5t l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c trong to\u00e0n h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian d\u1ecdc.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

  • \n

    Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u:<\/strong>Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng quan \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 cao ho\u1eb7c khi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n

    Hi\u1ec3u b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 UML \ud83d\udcd0<\/h2>\n

    Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef M\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t (UML), c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea3n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf cho h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 hai c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. Trong khi Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nh\u1edd c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean th\u1eddi gian, Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i mang m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn kh\u00e1c, t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

    Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 H\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, chuy\u1ec3n tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m t\u1eeb tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian d\u1ecdc sang c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 ngang. N\u00f3 tr\u1ef1c quan h\u00f3a d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac t\u0129nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t h\u1eefu \u00edch khi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

    Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \ud83d\udcca<\/h2>\n

    Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1ch c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nhau. Kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i, n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc d\u1ecdc theo tr\u1ee5c th\u1eddi gian, bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo kh\u00f4ng gian d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 minh h\u1ecda m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 d\u00f2ng ch\u1ea3y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n.<\/p>\n

    M\u1ecdi Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec1u bao g\u1ed3m ba th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \n

      \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng:<\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ed9p ch\u1ee9a t\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: “\u0110\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng:Kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng<\/em>). Ch\u00fang xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c n\u00fat trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Li\u00ean k\u1ebft:<\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft l\u1eabn nhau v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n

    • \n

      Tin nh\u1eafn:<\/strong>\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean ch\u1ec9 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y sang \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed7i tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 ra th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c thi.<\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 then ch\u1ed1t. Trong Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed tr\u00ean tr\u1ee5c d\u1ecdc quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian. Trong Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp, s\u1ed1 \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi m\u0169i t\u00ean quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi gian. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng v\u1ebd mi\u1ec5n l\u00e0 lu\u1ed3ng logic v\u1eabn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00fa ph\u00e1p \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

      Khi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp, c\u00e1c quy \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c b\u00ean li\u00ean quan v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00fang.<\/p>\n

      Bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1eb1ng h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef nh\u1eadt. V\u0103n b\u1ea3n b\u00ean trong th\u01b0\u1eddng bao g\u1ed3m t\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n theo sau l\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1edbp, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch b\u1eb1ng d\u1ea5u hai ch\u1ea5m. V\u00ed d\u1ee5: “1:S\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m<\/em>” ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 t\u00ean “1” c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp “Product”. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1edbp trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3.”<\/p>\n

      “Li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u00e0 Quan h\u1ec7”<\/h3>\n

      “Li\u00ean k\u1ebft bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp. N\u1ebfu hai \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 giao ti\u1ebfp, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng A sang \u0110\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng B, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp, lu\u1ed3ng tin nh\u1eafn ng\u1ee5 \u00fd vi\u1ec7c \u0111i qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft trung gian.”<\/p>\n

      “Lu\u1ed3ng Tin nh\u1eafn”<\/h3>\n

      “Tin nh\u1eafn l\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean. Ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c l\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ed9 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111o\u1ea1n cho c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1. Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n “1” x\u1ea3y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n “2”. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 linh ho\u1ea1t v\u1ec1 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c trong khi v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 logic.”<\/p>\n

      “S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i so v\u1edbi S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp \u2696\ufe0f”<\/h2>\n

      “Vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa hai m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c n\u00e0y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t. C\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n gi\u1ed1ng nhau nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u00fang theo nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c nhau.”<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n<\/colgroup>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \n

      “\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m”<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

      		\n

      “S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i”<\/p>\n<\/th>\n

      		\n

      “S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp”<\/p>\n<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n

      \n

      “Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “Th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac v\u00e0 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

      \n

      “B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “D\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian theo chi\u1ec1u d\u1ecdc.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

      \n

      “Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 v\u00f2ng l\u1eb7p.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “Ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 xem t\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

      \n

      “\u0110\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean cao khi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u li\u00ean k\u1ebft.”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n

      \n

      “Th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 Tin nh\u1eafn”<\/strong><\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “Gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp (t\u1eeb tr\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi).”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n

      		\n

      “R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng (c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1).”<\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      “Khi th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thao t\u00e1c l\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u ti\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m ch\u00ednh, S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng h\u01a1n.”<\/p>\n

      “Khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp \ud83c\udfaf”<\/h2>\n

      “C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i cho vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf.”<\/p>\n

      “T\u1ed5ng quan H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng C\u1ea5p cao”<\/h3>\n

      “N\u1ebfu b\u1ea1n \u0111ang tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng cho m\u1ed9t b\u00ean li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn h\u01a1n. N\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y “ai n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ai” m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd.”<\/p>\n

      M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p<\/h3>\n

      Trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd v\u1edbi nhau, b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng gian c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 c\u00e1c m\u1eabu h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i d\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che khu\u1ea5t. N\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng li\u00ean quan l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ef1c quan.<\/p>\n

      Nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c<\/h3>\n

      Khi m\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n duy nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00e1c nhau, m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00f4i khi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p th\u00f4ng tin hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n. Thay v\u00ec x\u1ebfp ch\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec1u Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i, m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

      C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 giao ti\u1ebfp hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, h\u00e3y tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn sau trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

      Gi\u1eef s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf m\u1ee9c h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/h3>\n

      Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ecdc. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 ch\u1ee9a h\u01a1n 10 ho\u1eb7c 12 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean kh\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch. H\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc chia nh\u1ecf m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3, m\u1ed7i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng con c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

      S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quy \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng<\/h3>\n

      \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng mang t\u00ednh m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. Thay v\u00ec d\u00f9ng “obj1″<\/em>“, h\u00e3y d\u00f9ng “invoice:Invoice”<\/em>. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c quay l\u1ea1i xem bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 l\u1edbp.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 tin nh\u1eafn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd<\/h3>\n

      C\u00e1c s\u1ed1 n\u00ean tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c l\u1ed3ng nhau, h\u00e3y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1ed1 th\u1eadp ph\u00e2n (v\u00ed d\u1ee5: 1.1, 1.2). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m r\u00f5 ph\u00e2n c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n c\u00e1c bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t.<\/p>\n

      Gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ch\u00e9o<\/h3>\n

      Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c m\u0169i t\u00ean c\u1eaft ngang qua c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c linh ho\u1ea1t, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn tr\u1ef1c quan s\u1ea1ch s\u1ebd s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3m t\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c. N\u1ebfu bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean qu\u00e1 r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm, h\u00e3y c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng.<\/p>\n

      \u0110\u1ecdc v\u00e0 di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i lu\u1ed3ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \ud83e\udde0<\/h2>\n

      Khi xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp, h\u00e3y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u1edfi t\u1ea1o. T\u00ecm tin nh\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eafn nh\u00e3n “1”. Theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. H\u00e3y ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn tr\u1ea3 v\u1ec1, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c m\u0169i n\u00e9t \u0111\u1ee9t.<\/p>\n

      C\u0169ng c\u1ea7n l\u01b0u \u00fd r\u1eb1ng Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t. Trong Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i, thanh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t cho bi\u1ebft khi n\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111ang b\u1eadn x\u1eed l\u00fd m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn. Trong Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ee5 \u00fd b\u1edfi tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 c\u00e1c tin nh\u1eafn. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t tin nh\u1eafn m\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n tr\u1ef1c quan tr\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 ch\u00fa th\u00edch.<\/p>\n

      H\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u01b0u \u00fd \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

      M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf. Ch\u00fang k\u00e9m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n ho\u1eb7c th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, th\u00ec Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i s\u1ebd ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c.<\/p>\n

      M\u1ed9t l\u01b0u \u00fd kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3. N\u1ebfu ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft trong Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn.<\/p>\n

      K\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \ud83c\udfc1<\/h2>\n

      Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb cho Lu\u1ed3ng Chu\u1ed7i trong m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh h\u00f3a UML. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u01b0u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay v\u00ec th\u1eddi gian ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, ch\u00fang mang l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00fang c\u00e1ch, ch\u00fang \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n h\u00f3a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng quan \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao hay l\u1eadp b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c chi ti\u1ebft, lo\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0.<\/p>\n

      Vi\u1ec7c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p c\u1ea3 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Chu\u1ed7i v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0o quy tr\u00ecnh t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a th\u01b0\u1eddng mang l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t. M\u1ed9t bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp logic v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian, trong khi bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 kia l\u00e0m r\u00f5 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac. C\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn k\u00e9p n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea3 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong nh\u00f3m hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \ud83d\udca1 \u0110i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ghi nh\u1edb Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 v\u00e0 li\u00ean k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay v\u00ec th\u1ee9…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2127,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho Lu\u1ed3ng Chu\u1ed7i (UML)","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp thay v\u00ec Lu\u1ed3ng Chu\u1ed7i trong UML. Hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 tin nh\u1eafn v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac cho thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.","source_url":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","_fifu_image_alt":"","fifu_alt":"","_fifu_alt":"","fifu_image_title":"","_fifu_image_title":"","fifu_input_alt":"","vp_image_hash":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[80],"tags":[89,90],"asset-category":[],"class_list":["post-2126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uml","tag-academic","tag-uml"],"source_url":"","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","vp_image_hash":"","yoast_head":"\nBi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp: L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf cho Lu\u1ed3ng Chu\u1ed7i (UML)<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 khi n\u00e0o n\u00ean s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng Bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 Giao ti\u1ebfp thay v\u00ec Lu\u1ed3ng Chu\u1ed7i trong UML. 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