{"id":1635,"date":"2026-04-08T03:43:39","date_gmt":"2026-04-08T03:43:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viz-note.com\/vi\/case-study-disaster-recovery-flawed-erd\/"},"modified":"2026-04-08T03:43:39","modified_gmt":"2026-04-08T03:43:39","slug":"case-study-disaster-recovery-flawed-erd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viz-note.com\/vi\/case-study-disaster-recovery-flawed-erd\/","title":{"rendered":"Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda: M\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ea5t ba gi\u1edd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda hi\u1ebfm khi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda; n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u01a1n b\u00e3o \u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn. Trong s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 su\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u1ecf trong thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111i\u1ec3m ngh\u1ebdn cho to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (ERD) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 l\u1ebd ra ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t 45 ph\u00fat \u0111\u00e3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00e0nh ba gi\u1edd can thi\u1ec7p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \ud83d\udd70\ufe0f<\/p>\n

B\u00e0i vi\u1ebft n\u00e0y chi ti\u1ebft ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t nh\u1ea5t trong l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i quy tr\u00ecnh ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba s\u1ef1 t\u00e1i di\u1ec5n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n l\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

\n
\"Charcoal<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

Vai tr\u00f2 then ch\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \ud83d\udee1\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a. Ch\u00fang x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i v\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n. Khi th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u1eefng s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 sai, h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5.<\/p>\n

Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD \u0111\u00f3ng ba vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • X\u00e1c minh:<\/strong> N\u00f3 x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
  • B\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> N\u00f3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng n\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o b\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ee9 t\u1ef1 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
  • X\u00e1c minh r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> N\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n tham chi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadp d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Khi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD kh\u00f4ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u h\u00ecnh c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00e1c script kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i t\u1ea1i b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c minh. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u00e0 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 b\u1eb1ng tay. B\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u1eddi gian b\u1ecb m\u1ea5t. \u23f3<\/p>\n

    S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1: M\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n

    S\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong kho d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh. M\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i sang m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Quy tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y script kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ERD t\u0129nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef trong kho t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i.<\/p>\n

    D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1eddi gian v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • 00:00<\/strong> \u2013 Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh. C\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1.<\/li>\n
    • 00:05<\/strong> \u2013 \u0110\u1ed9i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng. Truy c\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p cho m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng.<\/li>\n
    • 00:15<\/strong> \u2013 Kh\u1edfi ch\u1ea1y script kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean ERD trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n
    • 00:25<\/strong> \u2013 Script b\u1ecb d\u1eebng. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n vi ph\u1ea1m r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i.<\/li>\n
    • 00:30<\/strong> \u2013 B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i\u1ec1u tra. Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa ERD v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n
    • 01:30<\/strong> \u2013 B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
    • 03:00<\/strong> \u2013 H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n ba gi\u1edd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 m\u1ea1ng hay t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1eadm c\u1ee7a ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 do kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch logic gi\u1eefa t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eadt l\u00fd. \ud83e\udde9<\/p>\n

      Nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 trong l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \ud83d\udd0d<\/h2>\n

      Khi ki\u1ec3m tra c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng so v\u1edbi ERD, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ba s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ec7ch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i c\u00fa ph\u00e1p; ch\u00fang l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu s\u00f3t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t logic, ch\u1ec9 tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7.<\/p>\n

      1. Kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi<\/h3>\n

      ERD m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t-nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1eefa\u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/code> v\u00e0 Chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/code>. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee9a d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u0169, trong \u0111\u00f3Chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/code> t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea3n ghi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi\u0110\u01a1n h\u00e0ng<\/code> do m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c thi c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c. ERD kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Khi script kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i, c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00ec b\u1ea3n ghi cha b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu ho\u1eb7c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c thi kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

      2. B\u1ea3ng n\u1ed1i ng\u1ea7m<\/h3>\n

      M\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 nhi\u1ec1u-nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 trong ERD nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp gi\u1eefa hai b\u1ea3ng. Trong tri\u1ec3n khai th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1eed l\u00fd th\u00f4ng qua m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3ng trung gian. Logic kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng li\u00ean k\u1ebft tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u00e8n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t sai. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e3y l\u1ed7i t\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00edch ki\u1ec3u d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

      3. R\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng null<\/h3>\n

      ERD cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u00f9y ch\u1ecdn (c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 null). Tuy nhi\u00ean, l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt theo th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 bu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng null nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. ERD kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0y. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, script \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ch\u00e8n gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb NULL v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p null, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn giao d\u1ecbch b\u1ecb rollback ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/p>\n

      Nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/strong>. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi khi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, t\u1ea1o ra c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c an to\u00e0n gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o.<\/p>\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch chi ph\u00ed: Th\u1eddi gian so v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \ud83d\udcb0<\/h2>\n

      T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 m\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec7n ba gi\u1edd l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3, nh\u01b0ng chi ph\u00ed v\u1ec1 danh ti\u1ebfng c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      Ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c<\/th>\nTh\u1eddi gian ti\u00eau t\u1ed1n<\/th>\nT\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea5p cao<\/td>\n3 gi\u1edd<\/td>\n\u01afu ti\u00ean cao b\u1ecb chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u1ecfi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      Th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng<\/td>\n3 gi\u1edd<\/td>\nKh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3m 15%<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n1,5 gi\u1edd<\/td>\nY\u00eau c\u1ea7u x\u00e1c minh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u<\/td>\n0,5 gi\u1edd<\/td>\nB\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      B\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3u cho th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn chi ph\u00ed kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb thao t\u00e1c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh<\/em> c\u1ee7a thao t\u00e1c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c. N\u1ebfu s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c s\u1ebd di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n.<\/p>\n

      Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt: T\u1ea1i sao k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

      \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u1ed7i, ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n xem x\u00e9t c\u00e1ch k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n tu\u00e2n theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n:<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. T\u1ea1o b\u1ea3ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a ERD.<\/li>\n
      2. \u00c1p d\u1ee5ng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c (kh\u00f3a ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i).<\/li>\n

        3. Ch\u00e8n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

      3. X\u00e1c minh t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Khi k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc 2, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u1ea1o r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft B\u1ea3ng A<\/code> v\u1edbi B\u1ea3ng B<\/code>. B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e9t B\u1ea3ng B<\/code> \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm d\u1eef li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3. N\u00f3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi vi ph\u1ea1m r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c do kh\u00f3a cha b\u1ecb thi\u1ebfu. V\u00ec k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u00ednh idempotent v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n, n\u00ean n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. T\u00ednh n\u0103ng an to\u00e0n n\u00e0y, d\u00f9 t\u1ed1t cho t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u00e0o c\u1ea3n cho ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

        K\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi d\u1eef li\u1ec7u trong B\u1ea3ng B<\/code> \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m s\u1ea1ch d\u1eef li\u1ec7u y\u00eau c\u1ea7u:<\/p>\n

          \n
        • X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi b\u1ecb b\u1ecf r\u01a1i.<\/li>\n
        • Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem c\u00f3 n\u00ean x\u00f3a ch\u00fang hay t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n ghi cha gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o.<\/li>\n
        • Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n thao t\u00e1c d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng.<\/li>\n
        • Ch\u1ea1y l\u1ea1i thao t\u00e1c t\u1ea1o r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          M\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc trong chu\u1ed7i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u1eddi gian. S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (ERD) n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nguy c\u01a1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n thu\u1ea7n sao ch\u00e9p c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

          B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra: T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

          Sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u0129nh \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u linh ho\u1ea1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n.<\/p>\n

          D\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/p>\n

            \n
          • T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n:<\/strong> S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 (ERD) kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 xem x\u00e9t nh\u01b0 logic \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng.<\/li>\n
          • Ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n. B\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
          • Th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c:<\/strong> B\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 m\u1ed7i qu\u00fd trong m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c.<\/li>\n
          • Gi\u1ea3m nh\u1eb9 r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c:<\/strong> Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c script kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c kh\u00f3a ngo\u1ea1i trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ea3i d\u1eef li\u1ec7u ban \u0111\u1ea7u, ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang sau khi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c minh.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            C\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \ud83d\udcdd<\/h2>\n

            \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9 tr\u1ec5 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u00ec s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3. Nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf lu\u00f4n h\u1ee3p l\u1ec7 trong su\u1ed1t v\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng.<\/p>\n

            1. Ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3<\/h3>\n

            L\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c t\u1ec7p s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kho m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n v\u1edbi m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c. G\u1eafn th\u1ebb m\u1ed7i b\u1ea3n ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u1edbi phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho ph\u00e9p c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 truy xu\u1ea5t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o.<\/p>\n

            2. T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh<\/h3>\n

            \u1ede nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3, h\u00e3y t\u1ea1o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u thay v\u00ec v\u1ebd th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u nguy c\u01a1 l\u1ed7i do con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 lu\u00f4n ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf.<\/p>\n

            3. Ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3<\/h3>\n

            L\u00ean l\u1ecbch ki\u1ec3m to\u00e1n s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 m\u1ed7i qu\u00fd. So s\u00e1nh s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1edbi m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. Ghi ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i m\u1ecdi thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i lu\u1ed3ng tri\u1ec3n khai ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n.<\/p>\n

            4. Bao g\u1ed3m ghi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 di chuy\u1ec3n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u<\/h3>\n

            S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 n\u00ean hi\u1ec3n th\u1ecb c\u00e1c b\u1ea3ng; n\u00f3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. Ghi ch\u00fa tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 d\u1eef li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi ho\u1eb7c l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng.<\/p>\n

            5. Xem x\u00e9t trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch Sprint<\/h3>\n

            Khi m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng m\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u, s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt trong c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p tri\u1ec3n khai thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng.<\/p>\n

            Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong c\u00e1c l\u1ed7i k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \ud83e\uddd1\u200d\ud83d\udcbb<\/h2>\n

            D\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ho\u1eb7c script, nh\u01b0ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng giao ti\u1ebfp. L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh vi\u00ean th\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eadp nh\u1eadt s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3. K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 ki\u1ec3m tra m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.<\/p>\n

            C\u00e1c quy tr\u00ecnh k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ch\u00fang. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3m tra tri\u1ec3n khai bao g\u1ed3m b\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1c minh c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. M\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n tri\u1ec3n khai ph\u1ea3i \u0111i k\u00e8m b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i minh b\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac.<\/p>\n

            Suy ngh\u0129 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

            Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111o cho s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. Kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n ba gi\u1edd l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n: kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch gi\u1eefa thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch coi s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 h\u01a1i th\u1edf trong h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i.<\/p>\n

            T\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n d\u1eef li\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh n\u0103ng; n\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Khi n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb v\u1ee1, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac \u0111\u1ec1u \u1edf trong nguy c\u01a1. \u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9. Ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0o t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o m\u00e3 ngu\u1ed3n.<\/p>\n

            T\u00f3m t\u1eaft c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u2705<\/h2>\n
              \n
            • Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u00e1c s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i:<\/strong>So s\u00e1nh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c.<\/li>\n
            • C\u1eadp nh\u1eadt c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh:<\/strong>S\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c t\u1eadp l\u1ec7nh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd c\u00e1c vi ph\u1ea1m r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u01a1n tru.<\/li>\n
            • \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00f3m:<\/strong>\u0110\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 hi\u1ec3u t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u h\u00f3a l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
            • T\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ec3m tra:<\/strong>Tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3.<\/li>\n
            • M\u00f4 ph\u1ecfng c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1:<\/strong>Ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp hu\u1ea5n ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 c\u00e1c th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0i gi\u1edd. Chi ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c th\u1ea5p h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi chi ph\u00ed s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i sau th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda hi\u1ebfm khi li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda; n\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 mong manh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1636,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_yoast_wpseo_title":"Ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD sai l\u1ec7ch l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t 3 gi\u1edd \u23f1\ufe0f","_yoast_wpseo_metadesc":"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i trong ba gi\u1edd. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c c\u01a1 s\u1edf d\u1eef li\u1ec7u.","fifu_image_url":"","fifu_image_alt":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[89,92],"class_list":["post-1635","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-database-design","tag-academic","tag-erd"],"yoast_head":"\nPh\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda: S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 ERD sai l\u1ec7ch l\u00e0m m\u1ea5t 3 gi\u1edd \u23f1\ufe0f<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7i trong s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 quan h\u1ec7 th\u1ef1c th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i trong ba gi\u1edd. 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