{"id":1640,"date":"2026-04-09T08:57:53","date_gmt":"2026-04-09T08:57:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.viz-note.com\/cn\/hidden-complexity-gap-junior-engineers-erd\/"},"modified":"2026-04-09T08:57:53","modified_gmt":"2026-04-09T08:57:53","slug":"hidden-complexity-gap-junior-engineers-erd","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.viz-note.com\/cn\/hidden-complexity-gap-junior-engineers-erd\/","title":{"rendered":"\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u9e3f\u6c9f\uff1a\u5f53\u521d\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u9519\u8bef\u6784\u5efa\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\u65f6"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u4efb\u4f55\u8f6f\u4ef6\u5e94\u7528\u4e2d\u770b\u4e0d\u89c1\u7684\u652f\u67f1\u3002\u5c3d\u7ba1\u8fd0\u884c\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\u5907\u53d7\u5173\u6ce8\uff0c\u4f46\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u6027\u80fd\u3001\u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027\u548c\u53ef\u7ef4\u62a4\u6027\u3002\u5bf9\u8bb8\u591a\u521d\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u800c\u8a00\uff0c\u5b9e\u4f53\u5173\u7cfb\u56fe\uff08ERD\uff09\u53ea\u662f\u753b\u65b9\u6846\u548c\u8fde\u7ebf\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u7ec3\u4e60\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u7b80\u5355\u6027\u5177\u6709\u6b3a\u9a97\u6027\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u6784\u5efa\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684ERD\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u4e0d\u65ad\u7d2f\u79ef\u7684\u6280\u672f\u503a\u52a1\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u67e5\u8be2\u590d\u6742\u3001\u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u95ee\u9898\u4ee5\u53ca\u56f0\u96be\u7684\u8fc1\u79fb\u3002<\/p>\n

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\n
\"A<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n

1. \u7406\u89e3\u6570\u636e\u5efa\u6a21\u7684\u57fa\u7840 \ud83c\udfd7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

\u5728\u6df1\u5165\u63a2\u8ba8\u9519\u8bef\u4e4b\u524d\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u660e\u786eERD\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\u4ee3\u8868\u4ec0\u4e48\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4e00\u5f20\u56fe\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u5b58\u50a8\u5c42\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u5951\u7ea6\u3002ERD\u5c55\u793a\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\uff08\u8868\uff09\u3001\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u5217\uff09\u548c\u5173\u7cfb\uff08\u5916\u952e\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n

\u5f53\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5c06ERD\u89c6\u4e3a\u4e00\u6b21\u521b\u5efa\u540e\u4fbf\u88ab\u9057\u5fd8\u7684\u9759\u6001\u4ea7\u7269\u65f6\uff0c\u4ed6\u4eec\u5c31\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u672c\u8d28\u3002\u968f\u7740\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u6570\u636e\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u4f1a\u968f\u4e4b\u6f14\u8fdb\u3002\u521d\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u53ef\u80fd\u53ea\u5173\u6ce8\u5f53\u524d\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u6bd4\u5982\u5b58\u50a8\u7528\u6237\u59d3\u540d\uff0c\u800c\u5ffd\u7565\u4e86\u8be5\u7528\u6237\u4e0e\u5176\u4ed6\u5b9e\u4f53\uff08\u5982\u8ba2\u5355\u3001\u8ba2\u9605\u6216\u65e5\u5fd7\uff09\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n

    \n
  • \u5b9e\u4f53\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4eec\u4ee3\u8868\u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5bf9\u8c61\u6216\u6982\u5ff5\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u5ba2\u6237\u3001\u4ea7\u54c1\u3001\u53d1\u7968\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5c5e\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4eec\u662f\u5b9a\u4e49\u5b9e\u4f53\u7684\u5c5e\u6027\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u90ae\u7bb1\u3001\u4ef7\u683c\u3001\u65e5\u671f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
  • \u5173\u7cfb\uff1a<\/strong> \u5b83\u4eec\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ea4\u4e92\u65b9\u5f0f\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a\u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\u3001\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    \u4e00\u4e2a\u5065\u58ee\u7684\u6a21\u578b\u5e94\u8003\u8651\u5230\u672a\u6765\u7684\u589e\u957f\u3002\u5b83\u5e94\u9884\u89c1\u5230\u2018\u5ba2\u6237\u2019\u53ef\u80fd\u6f14\u53d8\u4e3a\u2018\u7528\u6237\u2019\uff0c\u6216\u2018\u4ea7\u54c1\u2019\u53ef\u80fd\u9700\u8981\u591a\u79cd\u53d8\u4f53\u3002\u521d\u59cb\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u5e94\u5177\u5907\u8db3\u591f\u7684\u7075\u6d3b\u6027\uff0c\u4ee5\u9002\u5e94\u8fd9\u4e9b\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5b8c\u5168\u91cd\u5efa\u3002<\/p>\n

    2. \u57fa\u6570\u9677\u9631\uff1a\u8bef\u89e3\u5173\u7cfb \ud83d\udd04<\/h2>\n

    \u57fa\u6570\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u7ed3\u6784\u5931\u8d25\u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u539f\u56e0\u3002\u5b83\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e86\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b9e\u4f8b\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u6570\u503c\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u8bef\u89e3\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b58\u50a8\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\u548c\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u903b\u8f91\u3002<\/p>\n

    \u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u57fa\u6570\u573a\u666f<\/h3>\n

    \u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5e38\u5e38\u9ed8\u8ba4\u91c7\u7528\u6700\u663e\u800c\u6613\u89c1\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u8003\u8651\u8fb9\u7f18\u60c5\u51b5\u3002\u8bf7\u8003\u8651\u4ee5\u4e0b\u56e0\u5047\u8bbe\u9519\u8bef\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u573a\u666f\uff1a<\/p>\n

      \n
    • \u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\uff081:1\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u5e38\u88ab\u8fc7\u5ea6\u4f7f\u7528\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e24\u4e2a\u5b9e\u4f53\u5b58\u5728\u4e00\u5bf9\u4e00\u5173\u7cfb\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u5e94\u5408\u5e76\u4e3a\u5355\u4e2a\u8868\u4ee5\u51cf\u5c11\u8fde\u63a5\u5f00\u9500\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u9700\u8981\u4e25\u683c\u7684\u6743\u9650\u9694\u79bb\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u4e00\u5bf9\u591a\uff081:N\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u6700\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5173\u7cfb\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u7236\u8bb0\u5f55\u5173\u8054\u591a\u4e2a\u5b50\u8bb0\u5f55\u3002\u5916\u952e\u5fc5\u987b\u4f4d\u4e8e\u5b50\u8868\u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n
    • \u591a\u5bf9\u591a\uff08M:N\uff09\uff1a<\/strong> \u8fd9\u6b63\u662f\u590d\u6742\u6027\u9e3f\u6c9f\u6269\u5927\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u3002\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u6a21\u578b\u4e2d\uff0c\u6ca1\u6709\u4e2d\u95f4\u8868\uff0c\u76f4\u63a5\u7684\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb\u5728\u7269\u7406\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      \u8868\u683c\uff1a\u57fa\u6570\u5b9e\u73b0\u9519\u8bef<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
      \u573a\u666f<\/th>\n\u9519\u8bef\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\n\u6b63\u786e\u65b9\u6cd5<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
      \u5b66\u751f\u4e0e\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/td>\n\u5728\u201c\u5b66\u751f\u201d\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cCourseID\u201d\u5217<\/td>\n\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u201cStudent_Course\u201d\u5173\u8054\u8868<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u8ba2\u5355\u548c\u4ea7\u54c1<\/td>\n\u5c06\u4ea7\u54c1\u8be6\u60c5\u76f4\u63a5\u5d4c\u5165\u8ba2\u5355\u8868\u4e2d<\/td>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u8ba2\u5355\u9879\u8868\u8fdb\u884c\u5173\u8054<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
      \u5458\u5de5\u548c\u90e8\u95e8<\/td>\n\u5141\u8bb8\u5458\u5de5\u5c5e\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u90e8\u95e8\uff0c\u800c\u65e0\u9700\u5173\u8054\u8868<\/td>\n\u5206\u79bb\u6620\u5c04\u5173\u7cfb<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

      \u5f53\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u8bd5\u56fe\u901a\u8fc7\u91cd\u590d\u6570\u636e\u5c06\u591a\u5bf9\u591a\u5173\u7cfb\u5f3a\u5236\u653e\u5165\u5355\u4e2a\u8868\u4e2d\u65f6\uff0c\u4f1a\u5f15\u5165\u5197\u4f59\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ef7\u683c\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u5fc5\u987b\u5728\u5305\u542b\u8be5\u4ea7\u54c1\u7684\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355\u8bb0\u5f55\u4e2d\u8fdb\u884c\u66f4\u65b0\u3002\u8fd9\u8fdd\u53cd\u4e86\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u539f\u5219\uff0c\u5e76\u5e26\u6765\u7ef4\u62a4\u4e0a\u7684\u5669\u68a6\u3002<\/p>\n

      3. \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u8bef\u533a\u4e0e\u73b0\u5b9e\u68c0\u9a8c \ud83d\udcc9<\/h2>\n

      \u89c4\u8303\u5316\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u73af\u5883\u4e2d\u6559\u6388\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u6982\u5ff5\u3002\u5176\u76ee\u6807\u662f\u51cf\u5c11\u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59\u5e76\u63d0\u9ad8\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u521d\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5e38\u5e38\u8fc7\u5ea6\u89c4\u8303\u5316\uff08\u8fbe\u52305NF\uff09\uff0c\u800c\u672a\u8003\u8651\u6027\u80fd\u4e0a\u7684\u6743\u8861\u3002<\/p>\n

      \u8fc7\u5ea6\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u9677\u9631<\/h3>\n

      \u8fc7\u5ea6\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u62c6\u5206\u5230\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u3002\u867d\u7136\u8fd9\u80fd\u786e\u4fdd\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff0c\u4f46\u8feb\u4f7f\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u6267\u884c\u8fc7\u591a\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u6bcf\u6b21\u8fde\u63a5\u90fd\u4f1a\u589e\u52a0\u8ba1\u7b97\u6210\u672c\u3002\u5728\u9ad8\u6d41\u91cf\u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u6210\u4e3a\u74f6\u9888\u3002<\/p>\n

        \n
      • 1NF\uff08\u7b2c\u4e00\u8303\u5f0f\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u539f\u5b50\u503c\u3002\u5355\u4e2a\u5355\u5143\u683c\u4e2d\u4e0d\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u5217\u8868\u3002<\/li>\n
      • 2NF\uff08\u7b2c\u4e8c\u8303\u5f0f\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u65e0\u90e8\u5206\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u6240\u6709\u975e\u952e\u5c5e\u6027\u5fc5\u987b\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u6574\u4e2a\u4e3b\u952e\u3002<\/li>\n
      • 3NF\uff08\u7b2c\u4e09\u8303\u5f0f\uff09\uff1a<\/strong>\u65e0\u4f20\u9012\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u5e94\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5176\u4ed6\u975e\u952e\u5c5e\u6027\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

        \u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u9519\u8bef\u662f\u8ba4\u4e3a3NF\u603b\u662f\u76ee\u6807\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0c\u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u6709\u610f\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5c06\u201c\u8ba2\u5355\u603b\u91d1\u989d\u201d\u76f4\u63a5\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u8ba2\u5355\u8868\u4e2d\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u907f\u514d\u6bcf\u6b21\u663e\u793a\u8ba2\u5355\u65f6\u90fd\u91cd\u65b0\u8ba1\u7b97\u9879\u76ee\u603b\u548c\u3002\u8fd9\u4ee5\u5199\u5165\u6027\u80fd\u4e3a\u4ee3\u4ef7\u6362\u53d6\u8bfb\u53d6\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u8868\u683c\uff1a\u89c4\u8303\u5316 vs. \u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
        \u56e0\u7d20<\/th>\n\u89c4\u8303\u5316\uff083NF\uff09<\/th>\n\u53bb\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
        \u6570\u636e\u5197\u4f59<\/td>\n\u4f4e<\/td>\n\u9ad8<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u5199\u5165\u901f\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u5feb<\/td>\n\u8f83\u6162<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u8bfb\u53d6\u901f\u5ea6<\/td>\n\u8f83\u6162\uff08\u8fde\u63a5\u66f4\u591a\uff09<\/td>\n\u5feb\u901f<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
        \u6570\u636e\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/td>\n\u9ad8<\/td>\n\u8f83\u4f4e\uff08\u9700\u8981\u903b\u8f91\uff09<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

        \u662f\u5426\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u5fc5\u987b\u4ee5\u6570\u636e\u4e3a\u5bfc\u5411\u3002\u8fd9\u4e0d\u5e94\u968f\u610f\u53d1\u751f\u3002\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5728\u5408\u5e76\u8868\u4e4b\u524d\u9700\u8981\u5206\u6790\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002\u5728\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u76f2\u76ee\u9075\u5faa\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u89c4\u5219\uff0c\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u867d\u7136\u4e00\u81f4\u4f46\u8fd0\u884c\u7f13\u6162\u3002<\/p>\n

        4. \u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303\u4e0e\u8bed\u4e49\u6e05\u6670\u6027 \ud83c\udff7\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

        \u6a21\u5f0f\u540d\u79f0\u662f\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u8bcd\u6c47\u3002\u5982\u679c\u8bcd\u6c47\u6a21\u7cca\uff0c\u7cfb\u7edf\u5bf9\u672a\u6765\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u6765\u8bf4\u5c31\u4f1a\u53d8\u5f97\u96be\u4ee5\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e38\u89c1\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5373\u4e3a\u4e86\u7b80\u6d01\u800c\u727a\u7272\u4e86\u6280\u672f\u7cbe\u786e\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n

        \u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3a\u72b6\u6001<\/code>\u662f\u5371\u9669\u7684\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4ec0\u4e48\u610f\u601d\uff1f\u662f\u6d3b\u8dc3\u8d26\u6237\u5417\uff1f\u5f85\u5904\u7406\u7684\u4ed8\u6b3e\u5417\uff1f\u5df2\u5220\u9664\u7684\u8bb0\u5f55\u5417\uff1f\u6ca1\u6709\u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u542b\u4e49\u5c31\u4e22\u5931\u4e86\u3002\u540c\u6837\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u590d\u6570\u540d\u79f0\u8868\u793a\u8868\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237<\/code>\uff09\u4e0e\u5355\u6570\uff08\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u7528\u6237<\/code>\uff09\u4f1a\u9020\u6210\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

          \n
        • \u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u8868\u4f7f\u7528\u4e86\u86c7\u5f62\u547d\u540d\u6cd5<\/code>\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6240\u6709\u8868\u90fd\u5fc5\u987b\u4f7f\u7528\u86c7\u5f62\u547d\u540d\u6cd5<\/code>.<\/li>\n
        • \u63cf\u8ff0\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u80fd\u63cf\u8ff0\u6570\u636e\u7684\u540d\u79f0\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u683c\u5f0f\u3002\u907f\u514d\u4f7f\u7528\u50cf\u88681<\/code>\u6216\u6570\u636e<\/code>.<\/li>\n
        • \u4e0a\u4e0b\u6587\uff1a<\/strong> \u5982\u679c\u5b58\u5728\u6b67\u4e49\uff0c\u5e94\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u952e\u4e2d\u5305\u542b\u5b9e\u4f53\u540d\u79f0\u3002\u4f7f\u7528\u7528\u6237ID<\/code>\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u4ec5\u4ec5\u4f7f\u7528id<\/code>\u5728\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

          \u8003\u8651\u4e00\u4e2a\u62e5\u6709\u591a\u79cd\u7528\u6237\u7c7b\u578b\u7684\u7cfb\u7edf\uff1a\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u3001\u5ba2\u6237\u548c\u4f9b\u5e94\u5546\u3002\u4e00\u4e2a\u540d\u4e3aUsers<\/code>\u7684\u8868\u4e2d\u53ef\u80fd\u5305\u542b\u4e00\u4e2arole<\/code>\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u201c\u4e0a\u5e1d\u8868\u201d\u3002\u66f4\u597d\u7684\u505a\u6cd5\u662f\u4f7f\u7528\u72ec\u7acb\u7684\u8868\u6216\u660e\u786e\u7684\u7ee7\u627f\u7b56\u7565\u3002\u5f53\u4e0d\u540c\u89d2\u8272\u7684\u6743\u9650\u548c\u6570\u636e\u8bbf\u95ee\u89c4\u5219\u5b58\u5728\u663e\u8457\u5dee\u5f02\u65f6\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u533a\u522b\u5c31\u53d8\u5f97\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002<\/p>\n

          5. \u5728\u6280\u672f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e2d\u5ffd\u7565\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91 \ud83e\udde0<\/h2>\n

          \u521d\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u548c\u9ad8\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u4e4b\u95f4\u6700\u5927\u7684\u5dee\u8ddd\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u4e1a\u52a1\u903b\u8f91\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3002\u521d\u7ea7\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u53ef\u80fd\u6784\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u5168\u7b26\u5408\u5f53\u524d\u4ee3\u7801\u9700\u6c42\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6a21\u5f0f\uff0c\u4f46\u5f53\u4e1a\u52a1\u89c4\u5219\u53d1\u751f\u53d8\u5316\u65f6\uff0c\u5b83\u5c31\u4f1a\u5931\u6548\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u201c\u8f6f\u5220\u9664\u201d\u7684\u8bef\u89e3<\/h3>\n

          \u8bb8\u591a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ea\u662f\u7b80\u5355\u5730\u5411\u8868\u4e2d\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2adeleted_at<\/code>\u5217\u3002\u8fd9\u5728\u7b80\u5355\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u662f\u53ef\u884c\u7684\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u7528\u6237\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff0c\u5176\u5173\u8054\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u662f\u5426\u4e5f\u5e94\u8be5\u88ab\u5220\u9664\uff1f\u5176\u8d22\u52a1\u8bb0\u5f55\u662f\u5426\u5e94\u4fdd\u7559\u4ee5\u6ee1\u8db3\u5ba1\u8ba1\u5408\u89c4\u8981\u6c42\uff1fERD \u5e94\u901a\u8fc7\u7ea6\u675f\u548c\u89e6\u53d1\u5668\u6765\u4f53\u73b0\u8fd9\u4e9b\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u3002<\/p>\n

          \u201cNull\u201d\u95ee\u9898<\/h3>\n

          \u5141\u8bb8 NULL \u503c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u5e26\u6765\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u590d\u6742\u6027\u3002\u5728\u67d0\u4e9b\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\uff0cNULL \u5728\u8bed\u4e49\u4e0a\u4e0e\u7a7a\u5b57\u7b26\u4e32\u6216\u96f6\u4e0d\u540c\u3002\u5982\u679c\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b57\u6bb5\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\uff0cERD \u5e94\u660e\u786e\u8868\u793a\u8fd9\u4e00\u70b9\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u4e0d\u5efa\u8bae\u5c06 NULL \u7528\u4e8e\u903b\u8f91\u63a7\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n

            \n
          • \u53c2\u7167\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u5916\u952e\u7406\u60f3\u60c5\u51b5\u4e0b\u4e0d\u5e94\u4e3a NULL\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u8be5\u5173\u7cfb\u786e\u5b9e\u662f\u53ef\u9009\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u8ba1\u7b97\uff1a<\/strong>NULL \u503c\u4f1a\u4f20\u64ad\u5230\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e2d\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u7ed3\u679c\u4e3a NULL\u3002\u8fd9\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u805a\u5408\u67e5\u8be2\u3002<\/li>\n
          • \u7d22\u5f15\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e0d\u540c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce\u5bf9\u7d22\u5f15\u4e2d NULL \u503c\u7684\u5904\u7406\u65b9\u5f0f\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u67e5\u8be2\u6027\u80fd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

            6. \u4f4e\u8d28\u91cf\u8bbe\u8ba1\u5e26\u6765\u7684\u7ef4\u62a4\u8d1f\u62c5 \ud83d\udd27<\/h2>\n

            \u6280\u672f\u503a\u52a1\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u4ee3\u7801\u8fd0\u884c\u7f13\u6162\u7684\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u66f4\u5728\u4e8e\u7ed3\u6784\u4e0a\u7684\u50f5\u5316\u3002\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u826f\u7684 ERD \u4f1a\u4f7f\u66f4\u6539\u53d8\u5f97\u75db\u82e6\u3002\u5f53\u51fa\u73b0\u65b0\u9700\u6c42\u65f6\uff0c\u4f8b\u5982\u6dfb\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e0e\u201c\u914d\u9001\u5730\u5740\u201d\u5206\u5f00\u7684\u201c\u8d26\u5355\u5730\u5740\u201d\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5fc5\u987b\u8bc4\u4f30\u5f53\u524d\u6a21\u5f0f\u662f\u5426\u652f\u6301\u8fd9\u4e00\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u8fc1\u79fb\u5669\u68a6<\/h3>\n

            \u66f4\u6539\u5305\u542b\u6570\u767e\u4e07\u6761\u8bb0\u5f55\u7684\u751f\u4ea7\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7684\u6a21\u5f0f\u9700\u8981\u4ed4\u7ec6\u89c4\u5212\u3002\u5982\u679c ERD \u5728\u8bbe\u8ba1\u65f6\u672a\u8003\u8651\u8fc1\u79fb\uff0c\u4fee\u6539\u5217\u7c7b\u578b\u6216\u62c6\u5206\u8868\u53ef\u80fd\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u7cfb\u7edf\u9501\u5b9a\u6570\u5c0f\u65f6\u3002\u8fd9\u79cd\u505c\u673a\u65f6\u95f4\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u6536\u5165\u548c\u7528\u6237\u4fe1\u4efb\u3002<\/p>\n

            \u7f13\u89e3\u6b64\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u7b56\u7565\u5305\u62ec\uff1a<\/p>\n

              \n
            • \u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u7248\u672c\u63a7\u5236\uff1a<\/strong>\u5c06\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7ed3\u6784\u89c6\u4e3a\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u4ee3\u7801\u4e00\u6837\u5bf9\u5f85\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u5411\u540e\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff1a<\/strong>\u5148\u6dfb\u52a0\u5217\uff0c\u518d\u5220\u9664\u5217\u3002\u5728\u8fc1\u79fb\u5b8c\u6210\u524d\u4fdd\u7559\u65e7\u5217\u3002<\/li>\n
            • \u6587\u6863\uff1a<\/strong> ERD \u5e94\u8be5\u662f\u4e8b\u5b9e\u7684\u6765\u6e90\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5b83\u4e0e\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0d\u4e00\u81f4\uff0c\u90a3\u4e48\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5c31\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

              7. ERD \u9a8c\u8bc1\u7684\u5b9e\u7528\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355 \u2705<\/h2>\n

              \u4e3a\u4e86\u786e\u4fdd\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u7a33\u5065\u6027\uff0c\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u5728\u6700\u7ec8\u786e\u5b9a\u56fe\u8868\u4e4b\u524d\u5e94\u5b8c\u6210\u9a8c\u8bc1\u68c0\u67e5\u6e05\u5355\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u8fc7\u7a0b\u6709\u52a9\u4e8e\u5728\u5b9e\u65bd\u5f00\u59cb\u524d\u53d1\u73b0\u903b\u8f91\u9519\u8bef\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u5b9e\u65bd\u524d\u9a8c\u8bc1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
              \u68c0\u67e5<\/th>\n\u95ee\u9898<\/th>\n\u901a\u8fc7\u6807\u51c6<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n
              \u4e3b\u952e<\/td>\n\u6bcf\u4e2a\u8868\u90fd\u6709\u552f\u4e00\u7684\u6807\u8bc6\u7b26\u5417\uff1f<\/td>\n\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u81ea\u589e\u6216 UUID<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5916\u952e<\/td>\n\u5173\u7cfb\u662f\u5426\u660e\u786e\u754c\u5b9a\uff1f<\/td>\n\u662f\u7684\uff0c\u5e26\u6709 ON DELETE\/UPDATE \u89c4\u5219<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u5197\u4f59<\/td>\n\u662f\u5426\u6709\u4efb\u4f55\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u5728\u591a\u4e2a\u4f4d\u7f6e\uff1f<\/td>\n\u6ca1\u6709\uff0c\u9664\u975e\u6709\u610f\u8fdb\u884c\u53cd\u89c4\u8303\u5316<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u53ef\u6269\u5c55\u6027<\/td>\n\u80fd\u5426\u5904\u7406\u5f53\u524d\u6570\u636e\u91cf\u768410\u500d\uff1f<\/td>\n\u5916\u952e\u4e0a\u5b58\u5728\u7d22\u5f15<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
              \u53ef\u8bfb\u6027<\/td>\n\u65b0\u5458\u5de5\u80fd\u5426\u57285\u5206\u949f\u5185\u7406\u89e3\u6d41\u7a0b\uff1f<\/td>\n\u6e05\u6670\u7684\u547d\u540d\u89c4\u8303<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

              8. \u5de5\u5177\u4e0e\u6982\u5ff5 \ud83d\udee0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

              \u5f88\u5bb9\u6613\u4f9d\u8d56\u7279\u5b9a\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u6765\u89e3\u51b3\u8bbe\u8ba1\u95ee\u9898\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u5de5\u5177\u662f\u6b21\u8981\u7684\uff0c\u6982\u5ff5\u624d\u662f\u6838\u5fc3\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u4f7f\u7528\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5efa\u6a21\u5de5\u5177\u8fd8\u662f\u76f4\u63a5\u7f16\u5199 SQL \u811a\u672c\uff0c\u5176\u5e95\u5c42\u903b\u8f91\u4fdd\u6301\u4e00\u81f4\u3002<\/p>\n

              \u4e00\u4e9b\u5de5\u7a0b\u5e08\u521b\u5efa\u7684\u56fe\u8868\u5728\u89c6\u89c9\u4e0a\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u5b8c\u7f8e\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u76ee\u6807\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e2d\u5728\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0a\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u80fd\u7684\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u67d0\u4e9b\u5de5\u5177\u5141\u8bb8\u5728\u53ef\u89c6\u5316\u5c42\u4e2d\u5b58\u5728\u5faa\u73af\u4f9d\u8d56\uff0c\u800c\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u5f15\u64ce\u4f1a\u62d2\u7edd\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4f9d\u8d56\u3002\u91cd\u70b9\u5fc5\u987b\u653e\u5728\u5173\u7cfb\u5b8c\u6574\u6027\u89c4\u5219\u4e0a\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u662f\u7ed8\u56fe\u754c\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n

                \n
              • \u89c6\u89c9\u4e00\u81f4\u6027\uff1a<\/strong> \u4f7f\u7528\u5173\u7cfb\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u7b26\u53f7\uff08\u4e4c\u9e26\u811a\u8868\u793a\u6cd5\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a<\/strong> \u5c06\u6a21\u5f0f\u8fd0\u884c\u5728\u6d4b\u8bd5\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u4e0a\u4ee5\u9a8c\u8bc1\u7ea6\u675f\u6761\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n
              • \u534f\u4f5c\uff1a<\/strong>\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3\u4e1a\u52a1\u9886\u57df\u7684\u5229\u76ca\u76f8\u5173\u8005\u4e00\u8d77\u5ba1\u67e5\u56fe\u8868\uff0c\u800c\u4e0d\u4ec5\u4ec5\u662f\u6280\u672f\u540c\u884c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

                9. \u73b0\u5b9e\u4e16\u754c\u4e2d\u7684\u5931\u8d25\u573a\u666f \u26a0\ufe0f<\/h2>\n

                \u7406\u89e3\u62bd\u8c61\u6982\u5ff5\u662f\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\uff1b\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u4e2d\u770b\u5230\u5b83\u4eec\u5931\u8d25\u662f\u53e6\u4e00\u56de\u4e8b\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u7531\u4e8eERD\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0d\u4f73\u800c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b9e\u9645\u95ee\u9898\u7684\u5e38\u89c1\u573a\u666f\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u573a\u666fA\uff1a\u65e0\u9650\u5faa\u73af<\/h3>\n

                \u4e00\u540d\u5f00\u53d1\u4eba\u5458\u5728\u7528\u6237<\/code>\u548c\u56e2\u961f<\/code>\u5176\u4e2d\u7528\u6237\u5c5e\u4e8e\u4e00\u4e2a\u56e2\u961f\uff0c\u800c\u56e2\u961f\u7531\u4e00\u540d\u7528\u6237\u9886\u5bfc\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5916\u952e\u6307\u5411\u540c\u4e00\u5f20\u8868\u4f46\u6ca1\u6709\u660e\u786e\u7684\u6839\u8282\u70b9\uff0c\u5728\u63d2\u5165\u65f6\u5c31\u4f1a\u51fa\u73b0\u5faa\u73af\u5f15\u7528\u9519\u8bef\u3002ERD\u5fc5\u987b\u660e\u786e\u533a\u5206\u201c\u6210\u5458\u201d\u548c\u201c\u9886\u5bfc\u201d\u5173\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u573a\u666fB\uff1a\u65e0\u58f0\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4e22\u5931<\/h3>\n

                \u4e00\u4e2a\u8ba2\u5355<\/code>\u8868\u5f15\u7528\u4e86\u4ea7\u54c1<\/code>\u8868\u3002ON DELETE<\/code>\u7ea6\u675f\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7ea7\u8054<\/code>\u3002\u5f53\u4ea7\u54c1\u4ece\u76ee\u5f55\u4e2d\u79fb\u9664\u65f6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u76f8\u5173\u8ba2\u5355\u90fd\u4f1a\u88ab\u5220\u9664\u3002\u8fd9\u4f1a\u7834\u574f\u5386\u53f2\u9500\u552e\u6570\u636e\u3002ERD\u5e94\u660e\u786e\u5c06\u53c2\u7167\u64cd\u4f5c\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e3a\u9650\u5236<\/code>\u6216\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a\u7a7a<\/code>\uff0c\u5177\u4f53\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u4e1a\u52a1\u9700\u6c42\u3002<\/p>\n

                \u573a\u666fC\uff1a\u641c\u7d22\u7f13\u6162<\/h3>\n

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                10. \u4ece\u521d\u7ea7\u5230\u9ad8\u7ea7\u601d\u7ef4\u7684\u8f6c\u53d8 \ud83d\ude80<\/h2>\n

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                  \n
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